Introduction to the Llamada in Soleá.
When a piece/song/dance changes key or tempo at the end we call the the Macho. For example, the Tangos are the macho of Tientos and the Rumba is the Macho of Tangos.
Palmas are the handclaps that serve as the rhythmic backbone of flamenco. You'll want to practice your palmas as much as possible!
Palos are the styles or forms in flamenco, such as Soleá, Buleria or Fandango.